Population — as cited
Indian/Asian ~1.5M (~2.5%); Tamil subset not disaggregated
Statistics South Africa — Census 2022 · 2022
TLTE never aggregates a "Tamil population" or "Tamil GDP" figure. Numbers are cited verbatim from the named source.
VinMin · வின்மின்·A digital homeland
docs.tlte.cloud
Africa
South Africa · Durban
தென்னாப்பிரிக்கா · டர்பன்
South Africa · Formal indenture (1834–1920)
1860 Natal Settlers — ~152,184 indentured arrivals on 384 voyages from Madras and Calcutta (1860–1911). Tamil community concentrated in KwaZulu-Natal. Post-apartheid Constitution §§6/30/31 protects cultural/language community rights.
Memory custodians
- ·Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal — Ships List 1860–1911
- ·National Archives of South Africa (colonial Natal records)
Tamil-language press / cultural bodies
- · The Leader (Indian SA English-language, est. 1935)
Outlet names only. Never journalist names. See the Press Freedom Desk for protection rationale.
Remittance corridor
South Africa → India (KNOMAD)
Tamil-specific corridors do not exist in any public dataset. Country-pair via World Bank KNOMAD is the available proxy.
Relations to other nodes
- Tamil Naduindenture route— Natal 1860–1911 (GLDC Ships List)
- Tamil Nadumemory custodian— GLDC UKZN Ships List
- Tamil Naduremittance corridor— KNOMAD ZA→IN
- Mauritiuskindred association— Indian Ocean indenture legacy
Anchor citations
- Guyana Indian Indenture Ships' Manifests (1838–1917)
tlte-cite:ecumene-gldc-ships-listNational Archives of Guyana / GLDC · Government of GuyanaSurviving ships' manifests for the 238,909 Indian indentured arrivals to British Guiana. Tier B because access remains partial and community-mediated; pairs with Roopnarine 2011 for the Tamil-cohort estimate.
- Ramaswamy, S. — The Lost Land of Lemuria: Fabulous Geographies, Catastrophic Histories
tlte-cite:ecumene-connolly-2023Sumathi Ramaswamy · University of California Press (2004); cited via Connolly (2023) reviewPeer-reviewed scholarly history of the Kumari Kandam / Lemuria imaginary. This is the anchor reference for the Ecumene methodology page's explicit refusal of Kumari Kandam as a literal geographic frame, in favour of the empirical translocal-kindred 'ecumene' model.
Continue in Indian Ocean Tamil Ecumene
Ecumene · Spine narrative
Long-form anchor — what the spatial spine is, what it refuses to be.
Ecumene · Interactive Atlas
Orthographic globe, 18 nodes, cited edges. Indenture / refugee / remittance layers.
Ecumene · Relational Graph
Same data, region-grouped radial layout. Dual-spine toggle (Kindred / Indenture).
Ecumene · Civic Signal
Link-only Tier-A ledger by region. Reads existing Unmai ledgers per node.