United Nations· 2000In forceEnables
UN Convention against Transnational Organised Crime (UNTOC) 2000
Convention des Nations Unies contre la criminalité transnationale organisée (Palermo Convention)
Asset recoveryAccountability
Summary
The Palermo Convention and its three protocols establish international cooperation frameworks for combating organised crime including trafficking, smuggling and money laundering. Relevant to the Tamil diaspora context where boat people smuggling networks and war-era LTTE financial networks are characterised by some states as organised crime.
Relevance to the diaspora
UNTOC has been used to justify enhanced scrutiny of Tamil diaspora financial networks; conversely, accountability mechanisms under UNTOC can be invoked against human traffickers who exploited Tamil refugees during the exodus from Sri Lanka.
Key provisions
- Art. 12 — confiscation and seizure
- Art. 13 — international cooperation for confiscation
- Protocol against Smuggling of Migrants — relevant to Tamil refugee boat journeys
- Protocol against Trafficking in Persons
Primary source
https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/organized-crime/intro/UNTOC.htmlRelated entries
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